Cataract

Cataracts are a common vision problem that develop with age due to the clouding of the eye's natural crystalline lens. In India, cataracts account for 80% of blindness cases. Most people develop cataracts after age 60, affecting one or both eyes. Symptoms include hazy, blurred, or double vision; sensitivity to light and glare; difficulty seeing in low light; trouble distinguishing contrasts; and color fading. Without treatment, vision will continue to worsen, impacting daily activities like reading and driving. An ophthalmologist can accurately diagnose cataracts and recommend treatment options.

Cataracts are caused by the gradual build-up of proteins in the eye's natural lens, leading to cloudiness. Aging is the primary cause, but other factors include diabetes, smoking, prolonged UV exposure, and certain medications. Symptoms include blurred or double vision, sensitivity to light and glare, difficulty seeing in low light, fading or yellowing of colors, and trouble distinguishing contrasts. If untreated, cataracts can progressively impair vision, affecting daily activities such as reading and driving.