A cataract is a medical condition characterized by the clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which is usually clear. This clouding occurs due to the buildup of protein in the lens, leading to a gradual loss of transparency. As a result, vision becomes blurred, and individuals may experience difficulties with tasks such as reading, driving, or recognizing faces. Cataracts are primarily associated with aging, but other factors such as genetics, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light, certain medications, and medical conditions like diabetes can contribute to their development.